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 Plato's Apology helps define the philosophy of Socrates. Socrates believed in truth above all else. He wished to change the way in which his contemporaries viewed the world. Socrates believed "the unexamined life is not worth living." He wished man to examine man through the study of man not nature. Plato, a long time student of Socrates, wrote the Apology in defense of his teacher, his teacher's teachings, and as a treatise for a new government based on the philosophies of Socrates.
According to Plato, the soul consists of three basic energies which animate human beings: Reason, Emotion, and Appetite. Reason is given the greatest value, while Emotion and especially Appetite are regarded as the "lower passions". The soul that is ordered is governed by Reason, and therefore keeps one's emotions and one's appetites under control. The lower passions *must* submit to the dictates of Reason.
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