Mill argues that society has control over a person's liberty when they are a child (77). It is society's job to educate a young person and make "them capable of rational conduct" (77). If society fails to educate a person to its mode of proper conduct, society as a whole is guilty, and the individual, as long as he has not harmed others, does not deserve to be punished (77).
Hume offers two arguments to defend this opinion, both refute Descartes' idea of man as a rational thinking being. Descartes tried to prove God existed through rationalization and thought, however for Hume all knowledge is gained through experiences derived from our instincts. Hume says that:
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